Revenue growth focused posts

In 2013, Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos bought the Washington Post. (Granted, he bought it personally instead of via Amazon, but it’s still relevant to the Amazon/Whole Foods story.) At the time, the paper was facing a steady decline and staff layoffs, as most newspapers were, and its online presence was stagnant. Bezos got involved with the business side and its technology—no surprise there—and he didn’t interfere with editorial direction.

Nieman Lab has a transcript from an interview with a Post staffer who talked about the bots they now use to help run the business, deliver news, provide information for stories, and even automate the writing of basic stories. The content management system they built works so well that other news outlets license it from them. And there’s an energy in the Post’s reporting that I haven’t seen in a long time. This is cool stuff.

Web traffic doubled and 1,200 stories are posted per day—500 of them original— outpacing their competitors, including The New York Times.

I think Bezos’s game plan for the Post hints at how Amazon will manage its new supermarket chain.

Refocusing on consumers

Bezos has told staff at the Post to “focus on the reader.” Whole Foods could stand to remember its core shoppers, those consumers who are drawn to Whole Foods’ core values. Some long-time fans feel that the chain has catered too much to a broad market and made less visible their adherence to the core values of environmental protection and support for organic farming. The New York Times wrote about this worry 10 years ago, when Whole Foods had become a “mega-chain” of 303 stores (which has now grown to 431), with “gelato stands, chocolate fountains and pizza counters.”

Legions of shoppers live within proximity of Whole Foods stores but have an aversion to their prices. Clearly, Whole Foods has tried to cater to this audience but delivered mixed messages. They have alternately highlighted the reasonable prices of their store brand items while also creating high-quality, indulgent offerings for those who are indifferent to prices. That juxtaposition has made it hard for shoppers to believe the low-price message.

I believe Amazon will re-focus on Whole Foods’ core values, making noticeable changes in its product assortment to win back true believers who have become alienated. At the same time, they will look closely at the offerings geared toward consumers looking for a more general grocery offering. Can they offer delicious food while respecting the company’s core values, at reasonable prices?  And without a doubt, Amazon will reinvent the supply chain — more on that soon — and Whole Foods’ IRMA system, the back-end technology that is universally despised, not unlike the back-end systems at most supermarkets.

How should Whole Foods’ suppliers position themselves for the changes that are bound to happen?

Generating revenue and winning customers requires a balance of good content and confident sales. Design your sales enablement content around what your medium-skilled salespeople need.

Bad Sales Guy

Your top salespeople have sufficient confidence and sales skill that they don’t need a lot of content to be successful in their sales efforts. However an average salesperson with less confidence and less sales skill will require much more content.  Top sales people usually need less content because they are able to develop a greater level of customer relationship and trust.

One of the responsibilities of sales management is to specify the content requirements that sufficiently augments the sales skills of the average salesperson so that revenue is successfully generated.

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A prospective client may assume that a financial advisor, when giving advice, is acting in their best interest.

Fiduciary Standard for Financial Advisors

Indeed this prospective client may have heard the word FIDUCIARY Financial Advisor bandied about by talking heads and journalists in the financial media and that is now a Rule of Law.  For an independent fee-only Financial Advisor (RIA), being a fiduciary will matter a great deal to your ideal client and can be a key if not prerequisite selling point. But they may not grasp the full meaning and intent.

Positioned right, being a fiduciary can be a major point of differentiation from broker/dealers claiming to be financial advisors, but who are associated with vertically integrated brokerage firms that sell products with ‘hidden fees’.

One advisor quoted in the article in a recent New York Times article said  “The fiduciary rule ultimately comes down to the fact that some people are making a lot of money at the expense of other people who have no idea how much their adviser is getting paid.”  A video from a large independent advisor, compares butchers and nutritionists.  Butchers push meat. Nutritionists advise you what to eat, because they have the best interests of the client at heart.  The latter is the fiduciary.  A Revenue Architects client says, “the professional fiduciary is expected to perform and advise you based on your best interests, even if it comes into conflict with the advisor’s own interests.”

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Some people believe all Universal Product Codes (UPCs) contain the number 666, representing the number of the beast or the anti-Christ.

Snopes cites the relevant Bible verse: “No one could buy or sell unless he had this mark, that is, the beast’s name or the number that stands for his name” (Revelation 13:17-18).

In a story on UPCs and this theory, The New Republic quotes from Revelation, which discusses the End Times:

“He forced everyone, small and great, rich and poor, free and slave, to receive a mark in his right hand or in his forehead, so that no one could buy or sell unless he had the mark, which is the name of the beast or the number of his name.” What is that number? “Let he that has wisdom count the number of the beast, for it is the number of a man, and his number is 666.”

As interesting as this sounds, it stems from a misinterpretation of the bars that appear on UPCs. They were interpreted to read as 666. But in reality they are just separating marks or guide bars, which look like the bars that represent sixes but are slightly different and have no numeric meaning.

Scanners read the width of the bars and the gaps between the bars in a UPC to convert them into a number that represents the product.

I’ll describe the UPC-A version of the barcode, which is used in the United States for most retail products. Other types of barcodes exist for some product categories, like books, and in countries outside the United States.

Number system digit: This number determines the product’s category.

  • 0, 1, 6, 7, 8: Most products
  • 2: Products sold by variable weight, such as produce and meat; determined by individual retailers or warehouses
  • 3: Pharmaceuticals sold by National Drug Code (NDC) number
  • 4: For retailer use; indicates loyalty cards or store coupons
  • 5: Coupons
  • 9: Reserved

Manufacturer code: This set of five numbers is assigned to a manufacturer by GS1, a nonprofit that governs the assignment of U.S. UPCs.

Product code: The manufacturer determines this set of five numbers; it can be any code the manufacturer desires.

Check digit: This number is determined by a formula. The scanner calculates this formula on its own and then checks against the numbers it scanned to determine whether it scanned the correct digits. If there was an error—say, due to a smudge on the package—the check digit won’t match, and the product will scan with an error.

Note that the information conveyed only identifies the manufacturer and the product.  No pricing or other information is provided. At a retail location, the register will look up the product information and cross-reference it to find the right price or any other information. There are no series of sixes or any other information included in a UPC that can somehow personally identify a shopper. Furthermore, these codes have not been affixed to people, as some have feared.

Some other notes and resources:

1. Using UPCs in syndicated data like Nielsen and IRI: I usually look for the 10 digits represented by the manufacturer code plus the product code. Most U.S. products that I’ve worked with start with a zero as the number system digit, and those leading zeroes are omitted by Nielsen and IRI. There have been a few instances where I have worked with products that contain a non-zero number system digit, and one must be careful to include those digits when searching.

2. If you need to obtain UPCs for your products, talk with GS1. There are some UPC resellers who can sell single UPCs, but that will make it hard to do business with anyone but the smallest of retailers.

3. Wikihow has a good tutorial on UPCs, and Keyence can help you decipher the bars in case you don’t trust the numbers printed below them.

drowning-1030x565

A company needs an effective go-to-market strategy that makes it easy to buy from and sell to. Go-to-market strategies and plans are a blueprint for how the company will reach customers, streamlining and establishing a strong focus on the steps that a company must take to co-create value with customers.

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A curious post about Instacart appeared recently on Reddit’s Boston subreddit that deserves some attention in grocery retail.

Instacart delivers groceries and other products from a range of retailers. Here in Boston, they deliver from Whole Foods, Costco, CVS, Star Market/Shaw’s, Market Basket, Russo’s, and Petco, plus some liquor and specialty stores inside the more urban parts of the area. My family and I are regular users. (You can try the service yourself with my referral link, which will get you and me both $10.)

Originally, the service didn’t disclose whether the prices were the same as in-store or different, and that changed in 2015 with clearer disclosures.

Some retailers are official partners and the prices online match what’s available in-store. But many retailers available on the platform aren’t official partners, and it’s no secret that Instacart’s prices are “15%+ higher than in-store,” as disclosed when shopping. The plus symbol leaves a lot of latitude, leaving the extent of the mark ups opaque for consumers.

That brings us to the Reddit post, which made the mark up practices much clearer.

The message writer received an Instacart delivery where the order picker accidentally left the store receipt from Market Basket. The customer compared the price he paid versus the amount Instacart charged and posted the details. I took prices from the scanned receipts and made some charts to help understand how and where they were marking up prices.

It’s interesting to see how the markups vary by product, with some staples having low (and even negative) markups. Market Basket is rightfully known for having low prices, and I wonder if Instacart is using what it knows about prices in other stores to raise low in-store prices to be similar to what it sees across retailers or even across markets.

Overall, Instacart marked up prices by 43%. Add the delivery fee ($5.99 flat) and service fee (10% and optional), and it comes to a 64% markup on groceries that cost $86.35 at Market Basket. That’s $55.30 to cover Instacart’s cost of shopping and delivery.

(Note: The service fee is separate from a tip, a change that Instacart made in late 2016, to the confusion of customers and anger of their contractor shoppers. The service fee is optional but selected as a default, and a tip is also optional but set to zero by default. And when faced with defaults, most people leave them as-is.)

Sure, it would be straightforward to make this comparison by simply looking at prices in store, but those who are paying to have groceries delivered to them probably aren’t taking the time to visit a store to observe actual prices. So, is it a good business practice to have such an opaque markup practice? That’s up for discussion and will likely get some attention from regulators as Instacart and its competitors grow.

By comparison, here in Boston, Ahold Delhaize’s Peapod (referral link for $20 off) offers delivery for $7 to 10 depending on order size, a $60 order minimum, and disclosure that prices may differ from in-store at Stop & Shop or Giant. Local chain, Roche Bros., offers delivery for a $10 fee with the same prices as in-store, and no order minimum. Tipping is optional with both.  (Edit: Tipping is optional with Peapod, and Roche Bros. employees are not allowed to accept tips.)

Some more miscellaneous points:

1. The cost charged for russet potatoes looks like it might have been a mistake. Instacart charged $4.25/pound, which is a steep increase over the typical $1.00 or less per pound I pay, even at Whole Foods, and more than the $0.59/pound shown on Instacart’s Market Basket page. So if we count this as an outlier and make the markup for that item zero, Instacart still has an overall markup of 32% for the products in this order.

2. The tax is interesting. Market Basket charged $0.52 and Instacart charged $0.84. Instacart paid $0.52 to Market Basket and then collected an extra $0.32. I don’t know what the rules are, nor do I know how Instacart handles the surplus tax, but I know the details here have tripped up companies in the past.

3. A follow-up post indicates that Instacart’s CEO, Max Mullen, reached out and made adjustments to the order of $10.39, which I am guessing is mostly the high-priced potatoes.

4. Instacart just raised $400 million at a valuation of $3.4 billion.